How to write a job spec

Essential things to include (and exclude) in your job description

2 mins read
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about 2 years ago

Essential things to include (and exclude) in your job description

A good job specification is key to attracting and evaluating the best candidates for your organization. Investing time in writing a job description will save you time later and can benefit your business in the long run. A bad specification can mislead candidates, and at worst case scenario, result in the need to start the recruitment process all over again.

Firstly, before writing a job description you must analyze the role on offer, particularly if it's a new role. A job description should be rewritten each time the role is advertised to reflect any changes in your business requirements. Use this as an opportunity to review the role and its responsibilities. A recruitment professional will be able to help or even write a job description for you, provided you are able to furnish them with the required details for the position.

What to include in a job description

The basics

You should include most, if not all, of the following points in the structure of your job spec:

  • Job title

  • Department and to whom the employee would report

  • Location

  • Type of employment e.g. full-time, part-time, shift pattern

  • Summary of the main duties and objectives of the job as well as a detailed description of the role (ideally between five and ten key responsibilities)

  • Likely changes or developments in the role and scope for progression or promotion

  • Essential skills or qualifications required to perform the role e.g. accountancy qualifications

  • 'Soft' skills, preferred experience, or personality traits in a desirable candidate

  • Salary and benefits. Really think about what your company has to offer - you need to sell the job to the best candidates as much as they need to sell themselves to you.

Company overview

This gives you the chance to make your organisation seem more attractive than any others that may be recruiting for similar positions. Include its size and scale, and any unique selling points of working for your particular organisation; plus an idea of what the company culture is like. Strive to make your ideal candidate realise how much they want to work for you.

Language and tone

The tone of the job description can indicate the formality or informality of your organisation. Let your company's personality shine through, you will be more likely to receive applications from candidates who would be a good match. Also consider where the advert will be posted and how this might affect the wording.

What to avoid in a job description

Avoiding the wrong things in the job description will help just as much as including the right ones.

  • Too many words. Job specs should be concise and to the point

  • It is essential not to discriminate on the grounds of age, race, religion, disability, gender, or sexual orientation

  • Avoid using internal jargon or terminology. It may make sense to you, but it will be off-putting to candidates

  • Anything that isn't actually relevant to the role - don't put people off by including experience or skill requirements that won't factor into your decision.

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Five tips for working parents from a work-at-home mum
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Five tips for working parents from a work-at-home mum

​Let’s face it, trying to fit work around your family isn’t easy…

If you’re a working parent, you’ll no doubt know the struggles that come with balancing a career and kids. To help you find the balance, our company sister Reed.co.uk teamed up with expert blogger and work-at-home mum of four, Leyla Preston, and asked her to share her top tips for working parents.

Embrace the dance between flexibility and routine

Finding harmony between flexibility and a well-structured day can feel challenging at the best of times. But over 14 years, I’ve learned to work with my children’s needs while keeping a steady beat with my work tasks – not the other way around. This means waking before the kids for an hour of focused work,as well as syncing my most demanding work tasks with my youngest’s nap times.

It’s not easy and you won’t be able to perform both to the best of your ability if you’re managing both work and childcare at the same time. But, if that’s your situation, you have to do the best you can with what you have to do. 

Carve out an office 

Find a place in the corner of your house that you can designate as your ‘office space’.

There’s a good chance you’ll often be on the move with your laptop (because of traveling with the kids). But it’s important your brain becomes accustomed to a place in the house that’s purely for switching gears into ‘work mode’. For me, it’s now at the end of the dining room, overlooking the lounge. That way I can keep an eye on the kids, and work at the same time. 

Master the art of prioritization so you can be productive

The Eisenhower Matrix isn’t just a tool – it transforms overwhelming to-do lists into actionable and consumable tasks. Work out which of your tasks are urgent and prioritize those. And the tasks that aren’t urgent or important? Delete. Try and stick to five tasks a day for work, prioritized in order of importance and urgency. Whatever can’t be done, gets rolled over to tomorrow.

You may think, ‘I can’t do that!’, but if you’re overwhelmed, overstimulated, and overworked, you won’t be completing any task, let alone the ones you tried to cram into an already sardined day.  

Self-care is vital 

Your mental health and physical health demand relaxation and rejuvenation, and when you’re stressed, you tend to overlook this very important part of your day. It could be five minutes of drinking tea in peace, going for a walk, or doing 30 minutes of exercise (my number one therapy). Whatever it is, build it into your routine, so you keep your sanity and manage the chaos around your work-from-home life.

Remember, you’re no good to anyone if your mental and physical health is compromised.

Find your tribe (and don’t be afraid to ask for – and provide – help)

They say it takes a village to raise a child, and I’ve found it also takes one to nurture a dream. Building a network of fellow warriors — parents who understand the juggle, professionals who share the hustle, and family and friends who know your soul — creates a tapestry of support that can catch us when we fall and propel us forward.

Don’t be afraid to ask for help if you’re struggling and pay it forward when others need help. You’ll never know when that one person you helped will return and pay it back in dividends.

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Hiring fraud: how to safeguard your organisation
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Hiring fraud: how to safeguard your organisation

To combat the rising tide of hiring fraud, Reed Screening recently joined forces with the Better Hiring Institute and fraud prevention experts Cifas and ST Smith, to launch guidance for employers. This free, comprehensive eBook is now available to download and provides the latest insight into the gravity and scale of threat facing organisations today.

Complete with case studies highlighting common criminal activity, such as resume fraud and employment scams, the guidance offers solutions to counter these tech-based crimes, helping to protect your recruitment teams from falling victim to imposters and impersonators.

We spoke to Keith Rosser, Director of Group Risk & Reed Screening – Reed, about the new guide, Tackling hiring fraud: the response to a growing problem.

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Q: How worried should employers be about hiring fraud – what are the worst-case scenarios?

A: Employers should be very worried about hiring fraud. At Reed Screening, we have made huge progress over the last few years in making hiring faster globally, including being referenced by UK government for our work on digital right to work. However, with the development of technology and improvements in the speed of hiring, we have seen an acceleration and amplification of fraud.

The worst-case scenario could be hiring a bad actor who defrauds the company for significant amounts of money leading to job layoffs and even worse. It could be organised criminal groups putting someone inside an organisation from where they can do significant harm through data theft or financial fraud.

Q: Are some organisations more at risk than others?

A: The risks are different. Financial institutions are clearly big targets for organised crime or even individual bad actors. But hiring fraud includes sex offenders getting work with the vulnerable through new ways of changing identity. Hiring fraud also includes unqualified people getting into roles by falsifying their claims on CVs, such as unqualified nurses let loose on wards.

Digital right to work has changed the way illegal working presents itself, meaning all companies are exposed to hiring fraud that involves illegal working.

Q: Are there statistics that illustrate the impact of hiring fraud, compared with pre-AI times?

A: Stats from Cifas’ Fraudscape 23 report include:

  • An 84% rise in false identities

  • Deepfake videos increasing at an annual rate of 900%

  • 10% of UK adults have lied about their degree qualification within a 12-month period, compared with 8% in 2021

A study by Forbes in 2023 also found that 70% of workers lie on their CV.

Q: The new guidance lists fraud across many areas. Can you highlight a few of the most effective tools and practices to detect/prevent them?

A: The two current greatest threats to employers are arguably ‘reference houses’ and artificial intelligence (AI). Reference houses are sophisticated, organised attempts at helping people deceive the hiring process. Over 100 reference houses were identified in 2023 alone. AI is already being abused by some jobseekers to fool interview processes or identity systems through deep fakes. For both it is essential employers have access to known databases of reference houses, use referencing providers with built-in technology to identify reference houses.

At Reed Screening, we typically flag a few reference houses a month using technology. With regards to AI, employers need to decide what their position is on its use by applicants. The most sensible approach is to allow it, as studies have shown its value in attracting Gen Z workers – but be sure to provide information and rules on how to use it correctly when hiring.

Reed Screening spoke alongside Lord Holmes, academics, legal professionals, and industry at a recent parliamentary briefing on AI in hiring, and we are soon to co-launch the first set of industry best practice on the subject.

Q: Of the different types of hiring fraud, which do you feel presents the biggest challenge for organisations?

A: While a number of areas such as the changing nature of immigration fraud, reference houses, and employment scams are rapidly on the rise and posing important questions to business, the single biggest issue is going to be the misuse of AI in hiring. It is already here with industry studies suggested seven-in-10 job applicants have already used AI in some way during their job search.

AI has a lot of exciting benefits and will create a lot of positive opportunities, but it can be misused too. How will companies in future ensure they are hiring the right people when ChatGPT can be employed with competency-based applications and interviews? AI-powered services are already in place tailoring en masse whatever jobseekers put on their CV to meet the requirements of multiple jobs, and deepfakes and associated technology are developing at a fast rate to impersonate people, driving identity fraud and fooling employers.

We are in the foothills about to start the climb, but the pace of change will be like nothing we have seen before. The only comparison I can draw would be the dawn of the internet. AI will be that impactful on hiring.

Q: How might overstretched businesses cope with the costs of implementing/updating safeguarding measures?

A: The challenge for employers is that hiring fraud and available technology to combat it are continuously evolving. Outsourcing is not only the easiest way to remedy this, it is usually the most cost-effective solution too. With many screening companies operating now owned by global firms, never has it been more important to choose the right specialist developing the future policy, legislation, and systems needed to respond.

Q: What action should organisations take if they suspect fraudulent hiring activity?

A: The free guide, spearheaded by the Better Hiring Institute, ‘Tackling hiring fraud: the response to a growing problem’, and co-written by Reed Screening and Cifas, contains a useful checklist for human resources directors and chief people officers to ensure their organisation has all the right defences in place. In terms of reporting issues, it depends on the type and nature of the fraud. If the fraud has been perpetrated by a recruitment agency or job board, this can be reported to the Employment Agency Standards Inspectorate to deal with non-compliant recruitment agencies.

Depending on the severity of the fraud, organisations may well also need to inform insurers, external auditors, and the police. Where an organisation identifies an individual applicant who has committed hiring fraud, in most cases this person will be rejected from the role on the grounds of dishonesty.

Q: How else can Reed Screening help employers?

A: Reed Screening is redefining employment screening. Having worked with the UK Home Office to develop digital right to work, we have since worked with various UK government departments to develop ways of making hiring the faster. Our work in parliament has led to a range of changes and will continue to do so. All of that means Reed Screening can advise hirers on what the future holds, not just on what current legislation says.

As a UK-based, 24-7, family-owned business, we lead on UK employment screening while also having the capability to conduct screening globally. We have recently built brand-new technology platforms with a real focus on speed and candidate journey. As one of the biggest hiring organisations in the UK, we understand the importance of hiring quickly and efficiently with a strong candidate focus.

Our various roles across industry and UK government mean we are setting the new standards for hiring including national hiring frameworks, setting the standard on hiring fraud, and setting the direction on AI in hiring. Reed Screening also chairs the Criminal Records Trade Body as well as running the largest series of free webinars for employers on all aspects of screening and onboarding.

Download the free guide now: Tackling hiring fraud: the response to a growing problem.

Tackling hiring fraud guidance – free download
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Tackling hiring fraud guidance – free download

​Hiring fraud is an insidious practice that undermines trust and poses significant financial and reputational risks for businesses. As employers strive to find the right talent, they must remain vigilant against fraudulent activities that can tarnish their operations and brand integrity.

Hiring fraud manifests in various forms, from falsified credentials and fabricated work histories to identity theft and impersonation. These tactics often deceive even the most astute recruiters, leading to the unwitting employment of unqualified or dishonest individuals. The consequences can be dire, ranging from decreased productivity and morale to legal liabilities and damage to company reputation.

Detecting fraudulent applications has become increasingly challenging. However, employers can use several strategies to safeguard their recruitment processes.

Most recently, Reed has contributed to the first guidance of its kind to help organisations protect their recruitment practices. ‘Tackling hiring fraud: the response to a growing problem’ serves as a frontline tool in the battle against fraudulent hiring activity.

Steps to a secure hiring process

The guide, fronted by the Better Hiring Institute, identifies nine types of fraudulent activity: reference fraud, qualification fraud, fake application documents, CV-based fraud, employment scams, manipulation of artificial intelligence, dual employment, immigration fraud and fraud as a result of recruitment agency usage. Each is addressed in detail with case studies and expert guidance on prevention.

As a rule, thorough background checks are indispensable. Employers should verify the authenticity of educational qualifications, professional certifications, and employment histories provided by candidates. Utilising reputable background screening services, such as Reed Screening, can help uncover discrepancies and ensure that prospective hires possess the credentials they claim.

Identity verification measures are essential. Adopting biometric authentication or identity verification technologies will help, reducing the likelihood of impersonation and identity theft.

Stringent interview processes can also serve as a deterrent against fraudulent candidates. Conducting multiple rounds of interviews, including in-person assessments, and soliciting detailed responses can identify genuine candidates from impostors.

Technology can automate and streamline recruitment processes. Candidate tracking systems equipped with fraud detection algorithms can flag irregularities in applications, adding a further layer of protection.

It can also help to raise awareness of hiring fraud with your employees – encouraging them to report suspicious activities and provide avenues for whistleblowing. Providing guidance on how to spot red flags can have a ripple effect, protecting both the business and employees from falling victim to fraud in their career.

Protect your business with our hiring fraud guidance – free download

Technology has enabled criminals to take advantage of traditional recruitment processes, and organisations must adapt if they are to avoid CV fraud, employment scams, manipulation of AI tools and many more tactics.

Reed Screening, together with Better Hiring Institute and other partners, have defined hiring fraud as any fraud committed during the hiring process, which may be committed by an individual against an organisation, or by an entity against a jobseeker.

This comprehensive guide, ‘Tackling hiring fraud: the response to a growing problem’, identifies how employers can protect their organisations, using expert advice on how to prevent the most common criminal activity.

"Employers should be very worried about hiring fraud. At Reed Screening, we have made huge progress over the last few years in making hiring faster globally, including being referenced by UK government for our work on digital right to work. However, with the development of technology and improvements in the speed of hiring, we have seen an acceleration and amplification of fraud."

Keith Rosser
Director of Group Risk & Reed Screening – Reed

The new Better Hiring Institute free guide on tackling hiring fraud, co-written by Reed Screening and Cifas, contains a really useful checklist for HRDs (human resources directors) and CPOs (chief people officers) to use to ensure the company they represent has all the right defences in place.

Download our free hiring fraud guidance to help safeguard your organisation using the button at the top of this page.